Taxonomy
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Mammal
- Order
- Primates
- Family
- Atelidae
- Genus
- Alouatta
Habitat
This species inhabits lowland tropical rainforests in northeastern Brazil, particularly in the state of Maranhao. They prefer dense canopy areas with tall trees for movement and feeding, and can also be found in secondary forests near rivers. Their range is limited to fragmented habitats due to human activity.
Diet
The Maranhao red-handed howler primarily eats leaves, fruits, and flowers, with a focus on nutrient-rich young leaves and seasonal fruits. They are folivorous and spend several hours daily foraging in the treetops to meet their energy needs. Feeding peaks in the early morning and late afternoon when they are most active.
Behavior
They live in social troops of 5 to 15 individuals, typically led by a dominant male, and communicate through loud howls to defend territory and maintain group cohesion. These monkeys are diurnal, spending most of their time in trees foraging or resting, and exhibit grooming behaviors to strengthen social bonds. They are generally peaceful but can become aggressive toward intruders in their territory.
Conservation Status
The IUCN lists the Maranhao red-handed howler as Critically Endangered, with a decreasing population trend due to habitat destruction. Major threats include deforestation for agriculture and logging, which fragment their rainforest habitats.