Taxonomy
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Mammal
- Order
- Artiodactyla
- Family
- Bovidae
- Genus
- Tetracerus
Habitat
This species inhabits open forests, grasslands, and scrublands in central and southern India, as well as parts of Nepal. They prefer areas with dense undergrowth for cover and are often found in hilly or rocky terrain up to 1,000 meters elevation. Proximity to water sources is essential for their survival.
Diet
The Four-horned antelope primarily eats grasses, leaves, fruits, and herbs, acting as both a grazer and browser. They feed mainly in the early morning and late afternoon to avoid the heat, spending time foraging in open areas while remaining alert for predators. Water intake is crucial, so they frequent streams or ponds.
Behavior
Four-horned antelopes are typically solitary or live in small family groups of up to five individuals. They are diurnal, active during the day, and males are territorial, marking their areas with dung and urine piles. They exhibit agile movements and quick escapes when threatened, often freezing or hiding in vegetation.
Conservation Status
The IUCN status is Vulnerable, with populations declining due to habitat loss from agriculture and poaching. Major threats include fragmentation of their range and human encroachment.