Overview
Black marlins, Istiompax indica (Cuvier, 1832), aka black marlin fishes, black-marlins, giant black marlins, marlins, Pacific black marlins, short nosed sword fishes, silver marlins, silver marlin fishes, and swordfishes, are a strong, fast pelagicexternal link species highly prized by sport fishermen. They have a dark blue dorsal (upper) side, a silvery-white belly and faint blue vertical stripes running down their sides. Their first dorsal fin is blackish to dark blue, while their other fins are dark brown, occasionally with blue tinges. They may have anywhere between 39 and 50 dorsal soft raysexternal link. Males may reach a length of 4.65m and weight of 750kgs, but females are generally much larger. The black marlin is the only marlin with non-retractable fins. Like all billfishes, this species has a distinctive elongated sword-like upper jaw. The black marlin's dorsal fin is proportionately the lowest of any billfish, standing less than 50 percent of the fish's body height. Scientists do not yet know how long members of this species live.
Taxonomy
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Actinopterygii
- Order
- Perciformes
- Family
- Istiophoridae
- Genus
- Istiompax
- Species
- indica
Habitat
In tropical areas distribution is scattered but continuous in open waters; denser in coastal areas and near islands. In temperate waters occurrence is rare.
Diet
Its diet consists of squid and pelagic fishes.
Behavior
Black marlins are typically solitary or found in loose schools, undertaking long migratory journeys across open oceans in search of food. They are known for their incredible speed, reaching up to 80 mph, and spectacular acrobatic leaps when hooked or threatened. These fish are aggressive hunters, often striking prey with their bills before consuming it.
Fishing
A highly rated game fish, the black marlin has the power, size, and persistence of which anglers dream. Fishing methods include trolling with large, whole baits (mackerel, bonito, flying fish, squid and others) or with artificial lures. Live bait is also effective.
Conservation Status
Listed as Data Deficient by IUCN.